Sculpture is a three-dimensional, spatial art form. It is a kind of art that takes material as carrier to express people's thoughts, feelings and spiritual ideas. It exists in the form of occupying a certain volume of space. It is not only a sensible, knowable, visible and touchable art form. The sculpture is three-dimensional. Modern art integrates "time" into sculpture, making it a four-dimensional space art. Therefore, it is endowed with two forms of stillness and movement. However, materiality and stereoscopic nature are still the most fundamental elements of sculpture, no matter in three-dimensional or four-dimensional space.

Due to different materials, people often divide sculpture into: wood carving, stone carving, jade carving, bronze carving, clay sculpture and so on. Traditional sculptures have been made of a wide range of materials, such as wood, clay, stone, pottery, metal and so on. And contemporary as a result of the breakthrough to consciousness, space, the material that USES is more extensive also, hyperbole says to be able to use the material that all can convey artist feeling and idea to regard sculpture as material, and the material such as sandstone, white marble is the artist undertakes contemporary household when soft outfit sculpture is created often use.

The material itself, like the color in the painting, is an element of the artist's emotional expression through objects, so that the work can fully display the personality of the artist and the artwork, and can give play to and extend the artist's emotion and theme. The sculpture material is integrated into the work, becoming an extremely important and organic part of the sculpture language. It is also the indispensable decisive factor for the sculpture to be visible and touchable, which is different from the unique aesthetic experience of painting and other plastic arts.

Wood carving can express delicacy and delicacy; Stone carving can show deep and dignified, casting copper polished stone shows elegant and luxurious, and glass shows transparent and illusory and so on, often not other materials can be replaced at will.

From the expression technique and the style classification, usually has "has the image sculpture" (the realistic sculpture), "the abstract sculpture", "the decoration sculpture" (the style sculpture) three kinds. These three types of styles with aesthetic value are the three types of aesthetic differences induced by the different emphases of artistic forms and artistic languages adopted in sculpture works. These three types of techniques and performance styles form their own rules in different supporting fulcrum, and together enrich and improve the sculpture art itself. 

Figurative and realistic sculpture is based on objective objects and strict anatomical basis. It is suitable for realistic and situational works with distinct themes because it can reproduce the characteristics, dynamics, charm and details of the object faithfully. Such as portraits of people and other works, most of them use this realistic approach.       

Although the decorative sculpture is still based on the objective object, it is not like the sculpture that is "absolutely faithful" to the description and representation of the objective object. Instead, it is the artist's summarization and refinement of the form and essence of the objective object, and the works are shaped by means of deformation, exaggeration and conciseness. Decorative style works, to highlight the "formal beauty" as the criterion, it has become a widely used means of creation, and become an important trend in modern sculpture.

Abstract sculpture, on the other hand, takes expressiveness and metaphor as the language of creation, and USES points, lines, faces and other basic modeling elements to express the rhythm and rhythm of time and space, directly reflecting the essence and internal structure of things. Because it has broken through the traditional way of expression, and is closer to the rapid and restless state of mind of modern people and the changeable rhythm of modern society, it occupies an important position in contemporary art creation.